What File Type Is Used For PCB Schematic Drawings

PCB Schematic File Types

1. Schematic Design Files

• .SCH Files: Standard schematic files defining component connections (used in Protel, Altium Designer, KiCad).
• .SchDoc Files (Altium Designer): Modern schematic source files supporting hierarchical design.
• .DSN Files (Cadence OrCAD): Contain schematic designs and project management data.

2. PCB Layout Files

• .PCB/.PCBDoc Files (Altium Designer): Store physical design data (component placement, routing, stack-up).
• .BRD Files (Cadence Allegro, Eagle): Industry-standard format for high-density PCB designs.
• .PADS Files (Mentor Xpedition/PADS): Used for professional PCB layout and manufacturing output.

3. Key Manufacturing Files

• Gerber Files (.gbr/.ger):
• RS-274X format (e.g., TopLayer.gbr, SilkScreen.gbr) defines copper, solder mask, and silkscreen layers.
• Must include all critical layers for fabrication.
• Drill Files (.drl/.txt):
• Excellon format specifies hole locations and sizes (must match Gerber files).
• IPC-356 Netlist: Ensures electrical consistency between schematics and PCB layout.
• BOM (.csv/.xlsx): Include reference designators, part numbers, quantities, and supplier details.

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PCB Manufacturing File Checklist

1. Design Verification:

• Run DRC (Design Rule Check) and ERC (Electrical Rule Check).
• Confirm layer stack-up and impedance requirements.

1. File Compatibility:

• Export Gerber in RS-274X (avoid outdated RS-274D).
• Provide ODB++ (.tgz) or IPC-2581 for better data exchange.

1. Manufacturing Requirements:

• Specify board thickness, surface finish (ENIG, HASL), and solder mask color.
• Include assembly drawings (.PDF) and 3D models (.STEP) for better collaboration.

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

❓ “How much does PCB manufacturing cost?”
Cost depends on board size, layers, material, and finish. Example:

• 2-layer FR4 (10×10cm): ~$5 for 10pcs (standard specs).
• HDI (blind/buried vias): Higher cost—request a detailed quote.

❓ “What’s the difference between Gerber and ODB++ files?”

• Gerber: Standard 2D image files for each PCB layer.
• ODB++: A structured database format containing all PCB data (better for complex designs).

❓ “How do I ensure my PCB design is manufacturable?”

• Follow DFM (Design for Manufacturing) guidelines.
• Verify minimum trace width, hole size, and clearance with your PCB fab.

❓ “Can I use KiCad files for professional manufacturing?”

• Yes! Most manufacturers accept export Gerber, drill files, and BOM.
• Avoid sending native .kicad_pcb files; standardized formats are preferred.