{"id":1319,"date":"2025-03-29T16:46:57","date_gmt":"2025-03-29T08:46:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/topfastpcba.com\/?p=1319"},"modified":"2025-03-29T16:47:01","modified_gmt":"2025-03-29T08:47:01","slug":"what-is-a-pcb-and-what-makes-up-a-pcb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/topfastpcba.com\/ar\/what-is-a-pcb-and-what-makes-up-a-pcb\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 PCB (\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629) 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\u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a. \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_75 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/topfastpcba.com\/ar\/what-is-a-pcb-and-what-makes-up-a-pcb\/#Composition_of_PCB\" >\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/topfastpcba.com\/ar\/what-is-a-pcb-and-what-makes-up-a-pcb\/#Composition_of_circuit_board_layers\" >\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/topfastpcba.com\/ar\/what-is-a-pcb-and-what-makes-up-a-pcb\/#Types_of_PCBs\" >\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/topfastpcba.com\/ar\/what-is-a-pcb-and-what-makes-up-a-pcb\/#What_are_the_electronic_components_above_the_PCB\" >\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/topfastpcba.com\/ar\/what-is-a-pcb-and-what-makes-up-a-pcb\/#How_Printed_Circuit_Boards_Work\" >\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/topfastpcba.com\/ar\/what-is-a-pcb-and-what-makes-up-a-pcb\/#PCB_Application_Scenarios_and_Prospects\" >\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Composition_of_PCB\"><\/span>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/topfastpcba.com\/ar\/\">\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631<\/a> \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<br>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629: \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 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https:\/\/topfastpcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Composition-of-PCB-150x78.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1010px) 100vw, 1010px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Composition_of_circuit_board_layers\"><\/span>\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a 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\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633.<br><strong>(3) \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<br><strong>(4) \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0643\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a ProtelDXP \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a 16 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629.<br><strong>(5) \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649: <\/strong>\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a 4 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a.<br>\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 (\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631): \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629.<br>\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 (\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643): \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629.<br>\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631: \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0629.<br>\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a:\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0639 SMT\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0634\u0648\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u062e.\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u064a <strong>\u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639:<\/strong><br><strong>\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645: <\/strong>\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a.<br><strong>\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629:<\/strong> \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a 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\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_are_the_electronic_components_above_the_PCB\"><\/span>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"767\" height=\"468\" src=\"https:\/\/topfastpcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Electronic-Component-Icons.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1320\" style=\"width:600px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/topfastpcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Electronic-Component-Icons.jpg 767w, https:\/\/topfastpcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Electronic-Component-Icons-300x183.jpg 300w, https:\/\/topfastpcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Electronic-Component-Icons-150x92.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 767px) 100vw, 767px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a: <\/strong>\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643 (\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a).<br><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a 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\u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0648\u0643\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627.<br><strong>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f: <\/strong>\u062a\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u063a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629.<br><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646:<\/strong> \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f.<br><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a: <\/strong>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u064a\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645.<br><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a: <\/strong>Transistors are also known as \u201cgatekeepers\u201d because they regulate the power and current in a circuit. They are made of materials such as silicon or germanium. They come in many forms, including field effect transistors (FETs) and bipolar junction transistors (BJTs).<br>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 (SCR): \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0645\u0642\u0648\u0645 SCR (\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631) \u0628\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629.<br><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629:<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 (IC). \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641.<br><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0628\u0630\u0628: <\/strong>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0630\u0628\u0630\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a 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\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<br \/>\n\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629: \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 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